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''Psilocybe allenii'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. Described as new to science in 2012, it is named after John W. Allen, who provided the type collection. It is found in the northwestern North America from Los Angeles, California to British Columbia, Canada, most commonly within of the Pacific coast. The fruitbodies (mushrooms) grow on rotting wood, especially wood chips used in garden landscaping. The caps of the mushrooms are brown to buff, broadly convex to flattened and have a diameter up to , while the white stipes are up to long and thick. As a bluing species in the genus ''Psilocybe'', ''P. allenii'' contains the psychoactive compounds psilocin and psilocybin, and it is consumed recreationally for its hallucinogenic properties. It is closely related to ''Psilocybe cyanescens'', from which it differs macroscopically by the lack of a wavy cap margin. ==Taxonomy== |2= }} |2= |2=''P. atrobrunnea'' }} }} }} }} ''Psilocybe allenii'' was described as new to science in 2012 by Jan Borovička, Alan Rockefeller, and Peter G. Werner. Borovička received material collected from Seattle, Washington, which he noted was microscopically similar to ''Psilocybe cyanescens'', but lacked the wavy cap margins characteristic of that species.〔 In previous publications,〔〔 Borovička had noted that both macro- and microscopic characters of certain ''Psilocybe'' species were highly variable, which could also account for the differences observed in the Seattle material. However, DNA sequencing revealed a 5-base pair change in the internal transcribed spacer regions (a segment of RNA often used in molecular phylogenetics to identify or distinguish fungal species) between ''P. cyanescens'' and the Seattle collections. This difference, in addition to the readily observable macroscopic differences, was deemed sufficient to warrant describing the taxon as a new species.〔 Additional molecular studies published by Borovička and colleagues in 2015 identified ''P. azurescens'', ''P. cyanescens'', ''P. weraroa'', ''P. cubensis'', and ''P. serbica'' as closely related to ''P. allenii''.〔 For several years before its official description, the taxon was known in the San Francisco Bay Area, and suspected of being an undescribed species. The authors suggest that a color photograph of "''P. cyanescens''" in David Arora's popular 1986 guidebook ''Mushrooms Demystified'' may actually depict ''P. allenii''.〔 Mycologist Paul Stamets suggested in 2005 that it "probably is new, or least a newly imported species".〔 It is commonly called "''Psilocybe cyanofriscosa''" in the online mycological community, but this name is grammatically incorrect Latin and has never been validly published in scientific literature.〔 The specific epithet ''allenii'' honors John W. Allen, who collected the original material and provided the impetus for the study. Allen collected the type material from the University of Washington Campus in November of 2009.〔 He first collected the fungus in Capitol Hill in 1982, and several times later from Seattle. Some of these collections he sent to Mexican ''Psilocybe'' specialist Gastón Guzmán, who initially thought them to be ''P. cyanescens'' because of their overlapping spore size ranges.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Psilocybe allenii」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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